营养强化剂VA的稳定性研究

对营养强化剂VA醋酸酯和VA棕榈酸酯在光、氧、热、加工、贮藏条件下稳定性和动力学特征研究状况和进展进行综述,并对VA的营养强化剂的发展进行展望。     

Retinyl Palmitate Isomers in Skim Milk During Light Storage as Affected by Ascorbic Acid

Effects of ascorbic acid addition on the contents of retinyl palmitate isomers in skim milk treated with or without 3 mg/mL added riboflavin were studied during storage for 30 h under fluorescent light. Light illumination induced the reduction of all-trans-retinyl palmitate and 13-cis isomer, but promoted the production of 9-cis isomer in the skim milk. Riboflavin increased the reduction of all-trans-retinyl palmitate, but decreased the formation of 9-cis isomer in lightstored skim milk. The addition of ascorbic acid greatly inhibited the light-induced reduction of all-trans-retinyl palmitate and 13-cis isomer in skim milks. Ascorbic acid also greatly increased the formation of 9-cis-retinyl palmitate in skim milks during light storage.     

Temporal dynamics and response to fogging or fumigation of stored-product Coleoptera in a grain processing facility

Stored-product Coleoptera were monitored continuously over 22 months using pitfall traps at an operating food mill and adjacent warehouse in Kansas. Mill management practiced conventional pest management, including monthly crack and crevice applications of a residual insecticide and semi-annual fumigation with methyl bromide in the mill, and application of dichlorvos+pyrethrin (commonly called fogging) in the warehouse. The dynamic temporal changes in insect captures and effect of the global interventions on insect captures were analyzed. Data show that more Trogoderma variabile individuals were captured in the warehouse than any other species, but Tribolium castaneum was captured with greater frequency. Trogoderma variabile captures inside the warehouse tended to mirror outside captures suggesting immigration from the outside. The food mill was infested year round with T. castaneum but developed substantial populations of Typhaea stercorea during the warm months from May through October. Stored-product insects were nearly always captured during the first trapping interval following methyl bromide or dichlorvos+pyrethrin applications, but it was not clear if the insects were surviving inside the structure or if they were rapidly recolonizing after treatment. Population increases immediately following fumigation or fogging occurred only in fungus-feeding species in late spring or summer. The most successful fumigation was conducted late in the autumn when environmental conditions prevented insect activity outside. Information contained in this study provides data that could be used to improve insect management programs for milling and processing facilities.     

甲基丙烯酸乙酯接枝生丝纤维工艺研究

以甲基丙烯酸乙酯（EMA）为单体、过硫酸铵（APS）为引发剂对生丝纤维进行接枝,探讨了纤维增重率的影响因素和红外光谱性能。结果表明,当APS为3%,pH为3,温度为70℃时,接枝增重效果较好,选择单体质量分数可以得到不同增重率的接枝丝纤维。生丝直接接枝法得到的增重丝纤维是由聚乙烯基物-丝胶-丝素组成。     

The effect of plant regulators on the concentration of carotenoids and phenolic compounds in foliage of coriander

Foliage of coriander crop is a rich source of pro-vitamin-A carotenoids and phenolics of relevance to human health. Foliar-application of plant growth regulators – methyl jasmonate and salicylic acid, differentially elicited total carotenoids, β-carotene, lutein, chlorophylls, total phenolics and chlorogenic acid in coriander, GS4 Multicut and Mahak, the cultivars with high and low carotenoids respectively. Carotenoids and total phenolics increased 6.8 and 3 folds respectively when treated with methyl jasmonate (10 μmol/L), whereas salicylic acid (500 μmol/L) showed 5.4 and 3.5 folds of respective compounds. These treatments also enhanced levels of β-carotene, lutein, chlorophylls and chlorogenic acid, as observed by HPLC/MS analyses. Carotenoid and phenolic extracts of the best treatments showed significant increase in hydroxyl and superoxide radical scavenging antioxidant activities compared with controls. The observations made here indicate that the precise use of plant growth regulators is a simple method for naturally augmenting the nutritionally important compounds in coriander crop.     

Methyl jasmonate in conjunction with ethanol treatment increases antioxidant capacity,volatile compounds and postharvest life of strawberry fruit

The antioxidant capacity, total anthocyanins, total phenolics, volatile compounds, and postharvest quality of strawberry fruit were evaluated after treatment with natural antimicrobial compounds and during storage at 7.5 °C. Strawberries treated with methyl jasmonate (MJ) in conjunction with ethanol (MJ-ETOH) showed higher antioxidant capacity, total phenolics, and anthocyanins than those treated with ethanol or control (non-treated). MJ-ETOH and ethanol treatments also increased volatile compounds during storage period. However, individual volatile compounds were affected differently. Methyl acetate, isoamyl acetate, ethyl hexanoate, butyl acetate, and hexyl acetate increased, while ethyl butanoate, 3-hexenyl acetate, and methyl hexanoate decreased during storage. The postharvest life was longer for those berries treated with MJ-ETOH and MJ than for those treated with ethanol or control fruit. In conclusion, strawberries treated with MJ-ETOH maintained an acceptable overall quality for the longest storage duration and retained higher levels of volatile compounds; also, berries treated with MJ showed the highest antioxidant capacity compared with other treatments during the postharvest period.     

A comparative study on the performance of photogalvanic cells with different photosensitizers for solar energy conversion and storage: D-Xylose-NaLS systems

The comparative performance of photogalvanic cells has been studied for solar energy conversion and storage by using Methyl Orange, Rose Bengal, Toluidine Blue and Brilliant Cresyl Blue as different photosensitizers with d-Xylose as reductant and Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (NaLS) as surfactant in the different systems. The photogeneration of photopotential are 890.0, 885.0, 945.0 and 940.0 mV whereas the maximum photocurrent is 625.0, 575.0, 510.0 and 480.0 μA, respectively. The short circuit current or photocurrent at equilibrium is 480.0, 460.0, 430.0 and 440.0 μA, respectively. The observed conversion efficiencies for Methyl Orange, Rose Bengal, Toluidine Blue and Brilliant Cresyl Blue with d-Xylose and Sodium Lauryl Sulphate systems are 1.6245, 1.5261, 1.4323 and 1.1057%, respectively. The fill factors 0.3244, 0.3151, 0.3120, and 0.2408 are experimentally determined at the power point of the cell where the absolute value is 1.0. The photogalvanic cells so developed can work for 160.0, 145.0, 130.0 and 140.0 min in dark if it is irradiated for 180.0, 165.0, 135.0 and 150.0 min, respectively where the percentage of storage capacity of photogalvanic cells are found 87.87%-96.29%. All observed results are the higher among the reported results so far in the literature.     

茶多酚棕榈酸酯在食用油脂中的应用

2014年6月,国家卫计委发布增补茶多酚棕榈酸酯等两种食品添加剂的公告。研究了不同添加量茶多酚棕榈酸酯在大豆油中的抗氧化效果,并与几种常见的脂溶性抗氧化剂在大豆油中的抗氧化性能进行比较,同时研究了茶多酚棕榈酸酯在猪油和人造奶油中的抗氧化效果。结果表明:0.03%的茶多酚棕榈酸酯添加量在大豆油中比较适宜;在几种常见的脂溶性抗氧化剂中,茶多酚棕榈酸酯的抗氧化效果和TBHQ相当;茶多酚棕榈酸酯在猪油和人造奶油中也有良好的抗氧化性。     

Effect of collection time on chemical composition of the essential oil of Foeniculum vulgare subsp. piperitum growing wild in Turkey

The essential oils of Foeniculum vulgare subsp. piperitum were subjected to detailed GC-MS analysis in order to determine possible similarities and differences in their chemical compositions, depending on growth years (2001 and 2002). In both oils, methyl chavicol (40.29 and 21.69%), limonene (17.66 and 22.24%), fenchone (16.90 and 12.98%), α-pinene (1.86 and 34%) and α-phellandrene (2.30 and 2.74%) were the main components, respectively. A total of 32 components were identified accounting for 85.01 and 67.14% of the oils of F. vulgare, respectively. The main characteristic of the oils is the high content of the limonene, fenchone and estragol. Our findings indicated that the oil of Turkish bitter fennel belonged to methyl chavicol rich type.     

L-抗坏血酸棕榈酸酯的合成研究进展

L-抗坏血酸棕榈酸酯是优良的天然抗氧化剂。综述了L-抗坏血酸棕榈酸酯合成研究进展，归纳了L-抗坏血酸棕榈酸酯的几种合成方法，如化学合成法和酶催化法，为其合成研究提供一些线索。